Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no koj yuav pom tias vim li cas cov nroj tsuag xav tau phosphate, uas phosphate chiv koj tuaj yeem siv thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas - thiab vim li cas cov chiv no muaj teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim lawv siv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb.
Thaum twg thiab vim li cas koj yuav tsum siv phosphate chiv?
Phosphate chiv yog tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag thaum muaj phosphorus deficiency uas cuam tshuam kev loj hlob thiab flowering. Lawv muaj phosphorus hauv ntau qhov sib txawv thiab tsuas yog siv tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas av. Ceeb toom: Phosphate chiv tuaj yeem muaj cov hlau hnyav xws li cadmium thiab chromium.
- Muaj ntau cov phosphate chiv nrog ntau theem ntawm phosphate ntawm 5 thiab 52 feem pua.
- Lawv yuav tsum tsuas yog siv yog tias muaj pov thawj phosphate tsis txaus hauv cov av lossis cov nroj tsuag.
- Phosphate chiv muaj cov hlau hnyav xws li cadmium thiab chromium, uas tso rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, av thiab dej hauv av.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas av yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej siv; qhov ntau npaum li cas tuaj yeem txo los ntawm kev ntxiv cov quav nyab.
phosphate fertilizer yog dab tsi?
Phosphorus (P), ua ke nrog nitrogen (N) thiab poov tshuaj (K), tsim peb lub ntsiab as-ham uas tseem ceeb heev rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab yog li ntawd yog cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv txhua txhua tiav thiab NPK chiv. Qee zaum qhov tsis muaj phosphorus tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas cuam tshuam rau paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsim thiab kev loj hlob zoo ntawm ornamental thiab qoob loo. Hauv qhov no, cov chiv tshwj xeeb phosphorus tuaj yeem pab tau.
Phosphate chiv muaj cov ntsev ntawm phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Txij li cov ntshiab phosphorus tsis zoo soluble hauv dej, nws yuav tsum xub ua tshuaj ua ntej nws tuaj yeem siv ua chiv. Ntau cov kua qaub zom cov calcium phosphate uas xav tau. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd cov zaub mov muaj rau cov nroj tsuag.
Composition thiab Properties
" Ntau uranium yog mined nyob rau hauv phosphate mining thoob ntiaj teb tshaj yog siv nyob rau hauv nuclear reactors."
Raw phosphorus yog mined hauv cov mines loj
Cov phosphorus raw xav tau rau phosphorus chiv yog feem ntau tau los ntawm kev tsuas yog los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso deposits uas tau tsim los ntawm cov deposits ntawm qub marine tsiaj uas muaj ntau lab xyoo. Ntau qhov kev tso nyiaj no nyob hauv lub tebchaws ntawm North Africa thiab hauv South Africa, Jordan, Tuam Tshoj thiab Russia. Saudi Arabia yog lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws phosphate tsim. Pob zeb phosphate kuj tau los ntawm cov seem ntawm seabirds, hu ua guano.
Cov nroj tsuag nqus cov txheej txheem phosphorus los ntawm lawv cov hauv paus hniav, nrog rau cov chiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm pH ntawm 6 thiab 7. Ntau yam phosphorus foliar chiv yog muaj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, tab sis lawv tsuas yog pab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm luv luv - tsov ntxhuav feem ntawm cov as-ham yog thaum kawg absorbed los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav.
Excursus
Thomas hmoov - pheej yig tab sis teeb meem phosphate chiv
So-hu ua Thomas hmoov yog ib qho pheej yig phosphate chiv, uas, txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum tsis txhob siv vim nws cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov hlau hnyav chromium - cov hlau hnyav accumulates hauv av thiab cov nroj tsuag thiab tseem mus txog hauv av.. Thomasmehl yog cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm cov hlau ore smelting thiab yog li ntawd muaj kab mob heev.
Ntseeg thiab teebmeem
Phosphorus yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub cell. Lub ntsiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov metabolism hauv tag nrho cov nroj tsuag ornamental thiab pab tau zoo. Ib qho tsis muaj phosphorus, uas tau pom los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag stunted lossis, feem ntau, los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas av, yuav tsum tau kho tam sim ntawd. Kev siv cov phosphorus chiv, thaum siv kom raug, muaj cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no:
- Cov cag loj hlob zuj zus, yog li cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem kho tau zoo dua
- bud thiab paj tsim yog txaus siab
- Txhim kho cell faib thiab yog li nplooj thiab tua kev loj hlob
- Pab tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Yog li ntawd cov phosphorus chiv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo, koj yuav tsum siv nws ua ntej siv
- ua kev tsom xam av
- thiab tsuas yog siv phosphorus chiv yog tias qhov kev soj ntsuam pom qhov tsis txaus
- ces ua pH test
Yog tias cov av acidic dhau lawm (pH tus nqi qis dua 5.5), nws yuav tsum xub muab coj mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm 6 thiab 6.5 los ntawm liming. Yog tias qhov tshwm sim ntau dua 7, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov dej-soluble phosphate fertilizer. Tab sis ceev faj: phosphate fertilization tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau cov nroj tsuag, tab sis kuj ncaj qha rau hauv av thiab hauv av. Kev faib ua feem ntau ntawm phosphate hauv dej tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm algae ntau dhau, thiab cov nroj tsuag dej thiab cov tsiaj hauv dej xws li ntses, qwj, mussels thiab crabs tuag vim tsis muaj oxygen. Cov nyhuv no feem ntau tuaj yeem pom hauv cov dej nyob hauv thaj chaw ua liaj ua teb hnyav. Yog li ntawd, phosphate fertilization yuav tsum tsuas yog nqa tawm yog hais tias nws yog kiag li kev zam.
Excursus
Ceev faj, lom zem heev
Phosphate chiv muaj cov tshuaj lom heev
Phosphate chiv yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, thiaj li ua tau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, cov chiv no kuj muaj teeb meem loj vim tias lawv muaj cov kab mob hnyav hnyav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog uranium thiab cadmium. Los ntawm kev siv cov chiv zoo li no, cov co toxins inevitably xaus rau hauv peb cov zaub mov ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu. Tam sim no tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm uranium nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, tsuas yog ib qho kev pom zoo los ntawm Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Ministry of Food thiab Agriculture. Ntawm no tus nqi siab tshaj plaws yog 50 milligrams ntawm uranium ib kilogram ntawm phosphate chiv.
Type of phosphate fertilizers
Ntau cov phosphorus chiv muaj kev lag luam tshwj xeeb rau hauv tsev thiab kev nyiam ua vaj. Ntxiv nrog rau cov tshuaj phosphorus ntshiab, koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov chiv complex nrog cov ntsiab lus phosphorus siab. Cov qauv piv txwv yog universal lossis ua tiav chiv nrog rau NPK chiv, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov khoom no muaj peb lub ntsiab as-ham nitrogen, phosphorus thiab poov tshuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab yog li cov khoom loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kom muaj nuj nqis.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia koj txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov chiv ib leeg- thiab ntau yam chiv.
| Type of fertilizer | phosphate ntsiab lus | Special features | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Superphosphate | 18% | water-soluble granules, nrog NPK | kwv yees. 1.10 EUR ib kg |
| Superphosphate nrog sulfur | 18% | Dej-soluble granules, kuj muaj sulfur | kwv yees. 3.40 EUR ib kg |
| phosphate potash / Thomas potash | 8% | Potassium chiv nrog cov ntsiab lus phosphorus siab zoo li magnesium thiab lwm yam kab kawm | kwv yees. 2.10 EUR ib kg |
| Dehner phosphate potash chiv nrog cov nyhuv ntev | 15% | PK chiv nrog magnesium thiab sulfur | kwv yees. 1.30 EUR ib kg |
| P 20 kua phosphate chiv | 20% | ntse, kom diluted nrog dej, kuj haum rau foliar fertilization | kwv yees. 4 EUR ib 100 milliliters |
| Phosphor Plus kua chiv | 7% | Ntxiv chiv nrog phosphorus thiab poov tshuaj rau flowering nroj tsuag | kwv yees. 13.50 EUR ib liter |
| Thomaskali | 8% | granulated PK chiv nrog magnesium | kwv yees. 0.90 xees ib kg |
Multi-component chiv uas muaj phosphorus thiab lwm yam as-ham feem ntau yog tag nrho txaus rau lub tsev thiab nyiam vaj. Phosphate chiv nrog cov ntsiab lus phosphate siab heev, txog
- Diammonium phosphate (DAP) nrog 46 feem pua phosphate cov ntsiab lus
- Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) nrog 52 feem pua phosphate cov ntsiab lus
, ntawm qhov tod tes, feem ntau yog siv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb. Yog tias koj xav tau cov chiv nrog cov ntsiab lus phosphate siab rau koj lub vaj tsev, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv qhov hu ua superphosphate. Qhov no muaj calcium phosphate thiab sulfuric acid, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus phosphate sib txawv ntawm 16 thiab 22 feem pua nyob ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
Kev thov kom raug
Yog tias cov phosphate chiv tsis siv kom zoo, nws tuaj yeem muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo
Phosphate chiv yuav tsum tau tuav kom zoo thiaj li tsis txhob overdoses thiab yog li tsis tsim nyog raug rau cov hlau hnyav. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog hais txog qhov tseeb, qhov xav tau raws li qhov xav tau, tab sis kuj yog lub sijhawm thiab yam ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Lub sijhawm
Thaum koj thov phosphate fertilization nyob ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb koj xav thov:
- Water-soluble phosphate fertilizers: xws li. B. Superphosphate yog ntxiv rau cov av nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ua chiv. Xaiv granular chiv raws li lawv tso tawm sai dua.
- Phosphate chiv nrog cov feem ntau ntawm cov phosphates nyoos: yog siv rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov av acidic / cov av uas tsis muaj pH
Cov kua chiv uas muaj phosphates (€ 8.00 ntawm Amazon) yog qhov ua tau zoo vim tias koj tsuas yog ntxiv rau cov dej hauv dej thiab dej cov nroj tsuag ncaj qha. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov no thaum lub caij loj hlob.
Pob tshuaj thiab cov teebmeem
video: Youtube
Phosphate chiv yuav tsum tau siv ze li sai tau rau cov hauv paus hniav, vim lawv tsuas muaj lawv cov nyhuv ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau nitrogen fertilization, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj txog kev puas tsuaj hauv paus. Thiab qhov no yog li cas nws yog fertilized:
- Thov ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia txog ntau npaum li cas thiab daim ntawv thov.
- Cov koob tshuaj kuj nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus phosphate tshwj xeeb ntawm koj lub vaj av.
- Rau superphosphate, ib ncig ntawm 30 mus rau 60 milligrams ntawm phosphate fertilizer ib square meter raug pom zoo.
- Txaus cov phosphate fertilizer ncaj qha mus rau hauv paus disc ntawm cov nroj tsuag kom fertilized.
- Cov cheeb tsam loj dua, xws li cov nyom, tuaj yeem fertilized tusyees siv tus kis.
- Ua haujlwm cov granules hauv superficially.
- Dej ua zog kom cov chiv yaj yaj thiab nkag mus rau hauv av.
Txo qhov ntau npaum li cas los ntawm kev siv cov chiv organic hauv daim ntawv compost lossis quav quav tib lub sijhawm. Manure tshwj xeeb tso cai rau cov chiv kom txo tau txog li 40 milligrams ib square meter. Thaum siv compost koj xav tau 15 milligrams ib square meter tsawg phosphate fertilizer.
Ntuj nug nug tau
Puas muaj lwm txoj rau phosphate chiv?
Stable manure yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau phosphate fertilizer
Yog, fertilize koj lub vaj nrog quav. Qhov no muaj feem ntau ntawm ntuj phosphate (zoo ib yam li seabird dung), tab sis nws yuav siv qee qhov siv rau qee tus neeg ua teb. Nco ntsoov tias cov quav qaib tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau rotted zoo ua ntej koj kis nws! Txwv tsis pub, cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev ua liaj ua teb thoob plaws ntiaj teb tab tom tshawb nrhiav kom pom lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov ntxhia phosphorus chiv - nws yog lub sijhawm, vim tias lub ntiaj teb cov phosphorus deposits tau maj mam los txog qhov kawg.
Koj puas xav tau phosphorus chiv tshwj xeeb hauv lub vaj?
Tsis yog, kev siv phosphorus chiv hauv tsev thiab lub vaj nyiam ua haujlwm yog - tshwj tsis yog qhov tsis txaus lees paub los ntawm cov qauv av - xyaum tsis tsim nyog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lub vaj yog feem ntau fertilized nrog quav thiab compost. Ntau cov cim qhia txog kev tsis txaus phosphorus hauv cov nroj tsuag kuj tseem tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lwm yam ua rau, uas yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum tsis txhob fertilization yog tias ua tau, tsuas yog vim muaj cov pa phem ntau.
Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau qhov kev soj ntsuam av?
Txij li thaum fertilization yuav tsum tsis txhob nqa tawm yog hais tias muaj ib tug xav tias phosphorus deficiency, yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam av ua ntej. Tau kawg, koj tsis ua qhov no koj tus kheej. Koj nqa cov qauv av los ntawm ntau qhov chaw hauv koj lub vaj thiab xa mus rau lub koom haum tshwj xeeb rau kev txheeb xyuas av. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tau txais kev ntsuam xyuas thiab cov lus qhia ua chiv.
Tip
Yog tias algae loj hlob ntau dhau hauv lub thoob dej yug ntses lossis lub pas dej hauv vaj, cov ntsiab lus phosphorus ntau dhau tuaj yeem raug liam. Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov no yooj yim siv cov khoom lag luam uas muaj phosphate dej kuaj. Yog tias muaj phosphate paug, cov khoom hu ua "PhosphateMinus" tuaj yeem pab tau.
