Hobby gardeners paub qhov teeb meem: Qhov twg muaj xim paj meadow tau npaj, boring nyom muaj sab tes xis. Leej twg lees txais kev swb rau lub monotonous ntsuab tseem tsis tau paub lub rattlepot. Saib ntawm qhov profile, cog thiab kev saib xyuas qhia tau hais tias cov nroj tsuag qus muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cas hauv paj paj. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem paub tias yuav ua li cas rattlepot sowing hauv thaj chaw ntsuab clears txoj hauv kev rau cov paj yeeb yuj thiab zoo siab bumblebees.
Dab tsi yog rattlepot thiab koj cog li cas?
Lub rattlepot yog ib qho paj ntoo txhua xyoo uas, raws li cov kab mob ib nrab, siv lwm cov nroj tsuag kom tau txais cov as-ham thiab dej. Nws muaj txiv qaub-daj paj, loj hlob mus rau qhov siab ntawm 10 mus rau 80 cm thiab nyiam qhov chaw tshav ntuj. Sowing tshwm sim nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg hauv thaj chaw ntsuab uas twb muaj lawm.
Profile
- Scientific lub npe: Rhinanthus
- Tsev neeg: tsev neeg Broomwort (Orobanchaceae)
- Genus: Rattlepot nrog 50 hom
- Growth cwj pwm: herbaceous
- Loj hlob qhov siab: 10 txog 80 cm
- Nplooj: opposite, sessile, ovoid
- Floo: mint family
- Paj xim: txiv qaub daj
- Fruit: capsule fruit
- Noob: tis, disc-shaped
- Toxicity: tshuaj lom
- Root: cag nrog haustoria
Seed
Cov noob tis tsis tawm ntawm lawv txoj kev mus ntsiag to. Ua tsis taus pa cua txaus thiab 5 hli me me, 3 mg lub teeb noob rattle zoo siab nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening capsule. Lub rattlepot tshuav nws lub npe rau qhov kev ua yeeb yam acoustic.
Bloom
Nrog nws cov paj zoo li, lub rattlepot sawv tawm. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lwm yam mint tsev neeg, nws cov paj di ncauj yog nruj nreem kaw. Cov neeg muaj peev xwm nectar yuav tsum xub qhib lub paj thiab nkag mus rau hauv. Tsuas yog cov kab uas muaj zog nrog lub cev ntev, xws li bumblebees, cov muv qus thiab qee cov npauj npaim, tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov ntxim nyiam ntxim nyiam. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntxiv ntawm lub paj rattlepot:
- Inflorescences: spike-zoo li pawg
- Paj duab: kaus mom-puab, nkhaus saum daim di ncauj, peb-taw tes hauv qab di ncauj
- Stamen: plaub stamens, muab zais rau hauv daim di ncauj sab sauv
- Special feature: nplooj-zoo li, daim duab peb sab bracts nyob rau hauv txhua lub paj
Rau rau kaum ob khub ntawm ntxig, sessile nplooj yog raug rau kev loj hlob ntawm haiv neeg rattlesnake hom. Cov no zaum ntawm qhov tua axis ntawm inflorescences thiab lawv cov bracts.
Toxicity
Rattlepot yog ib hom kab mob lom. Nplooj, paj, noob thiab cag tsis tuaj yeem noj tau. Yog vim li cas rau txoj haujlwm yog iridoid glycosides, xws li aucubin thiab rhinantin. 50 cov tsev neeg cog qoob loo siv cov co toxins no los tiv thaiv lawv cov tsiaj txhu. Ib qho qab zib heev ceeb toom tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu tiv thaiv kev noj ntxiv. Leej twg tsis quav ntsej txog qhov lus ceeb toom no yuav raug rau txim vim muaj mob plab thiab plab hnyuv loj thiab xeev siab.
Iridoids kuj arm rattles tiv thaiv kab mob thiab fungal kab mob. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, cov khoom xyaw tshuaj tua kab mob tau hais tias muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv hnoos qhuav, mob hawb pob thiab txhua yam mob. Rinses nrog rattlepot decoction tau txais kev pabcuam hauv tsev tiv thaiv cov ntshauv thiab qhov muag teeb meem. Raws li qhov pom ntawm cov tshuaj lom, tsev neeg broomwort tam sim no poob nws txoj kev ua tshuaj ntsuab.
Roots
Rattlepot hom zoo li semi-parasites. Lub herbaceous, txhua xyoo wildflowers tsuas yog tsim ib lub hauv paus stunted. Cov hauv paus hniav rudimentary nqa cov kab mob tshwj xeeb hu ua haustoria. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom nqus dej no, rattlesnakes coj mus rhaub rau hauv cov hauv paus system ntawm lawv cov tswv tsev cog qoob loo txhawm rau txhawm rau muab cov as-ham thiab dej los ntawm lawv. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau tag nrho cov kab mob, xws li lub tiag tiag Broomwort (Orobanche), ib tug rattlesnake li ib tug semi-parasite muaj cov nroj tsuag nws tus kheej nplooj ntsuab (chlorophyll) rau host-independent photosynthesis.
Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, rattling pots tsis txais tos thiab suav tias yog cov nroj tsuag. Nyuj, yaj thiab tshis zam tsev neeg broomwort nrog nws iab saj. Cov mis nyuj tub sab yog nrov nrov vim hais tias, raws li ib tug semi-parasite, nws robs lub lush nyom nyob rau hauv lub nyuj pasture ntawm cov as-ham. Hobby gardeners uas nyob ze rau qhov xwm txheej, ntawm qhov tod tes, txaus siab rau hom rattlepot raws li tub ceev xwm daj-ntsuab nyom hauv paj paj. Rattling lauj kaub yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm muv pastures.
Species
Lub rattlepot genus yog sawv cev los ntawm ib ncig ntawm 50 hom nyob rau sab qaum teb hemisphere. Qee hom zoo nkauj tshaj plaws populate dej hiav txwv Eurasia. Cov paj ntoo yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees lub fen meadows, semi-dry grasslands, grain teb, hav zoov clearings thiab nutrient-tsis zoo av av av thiab nce mus txog rau cov ntoo kab nyob rau hauv lub roob. Cov lus hauv qab no qhia koj txog hom rattlepot hauv zos kom ntxaws ntxiv:
| Rattlepot species | Hloov lub lauj kaub | Ntsuag lauj kaub | Nkauj kho siab heev | Awn Rattlepot |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Botanical name | Rhinanthus angustifolius | Rhinanthus minor | Rhinanthus alectorolophus | Rhinanthus glacialis |
| Growth height | 50 to 80 cm | 10 txog 50 cm | 10 txog 80 cm | 10 txog 50 cm |
| Plaub lub sij hawm | May to August | May to September | May to September | June to September |
| Special feature | Stem dashed dub | Paj corolla bluish serrated | shaggy calyx | Inflorescences with long awns |
| Main deposits | Northern Germany | Nationwide | Central thiab Southern Germany | Harz, yav qab teb Alps |
Xyoo 2005, Great Rattlepot tau raug hu ua Paj Xyoo. Lub Hamburg Foundation rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Nroj Tsuag Nroj Tsuag ua rau pom qhov tseeb tias cov paj ntoo hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees raug hem nrog kev ploj tuag.
Excursus
Rattlepot tsis picky
Rattlepot hom kais ntau tus tswv tsev. Semi-parasites nyiam nrhiav kev sib cuag nrog cov nyom qab zib. Legumes tseem tsis tau saib xyuas raws li qhov chaw ntawm cov as-ham thiab dej. Lub rattlepot hloov qhov loj ntawm nws cov haustoria rau nws tus tswv tsev. Sow lub cev ntawm liab fescue (Festuca rubra) yog 1 hli me me. Haustoria ntawm cov pob txha pob txha (Lotus corniculatus) loj hlob ob zaug.
Plaub rattlepot - sow noob ncaj nraim
Ib txoj kev hloov kho yog xav tau rau sowing rattlepot noob hauv lub vaj. Yuav tsum muaj ib lub paj meadow los yog grassy cheeb tsam rau cov noob germinate. Vim hais tias cov noob yog txias germinators, lub sij hawm zoo rau sowing yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Nov yog qhov koj cog rattlespots kom raug:
- Sw rattlepot noob nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg los ntawm lub yim hli ntuj mus rau Kaum ib hlis
- Mow thaj tsam meadow luv luv hauv qhov chaw tshav ntuj (25 mm)
- Tsim qhib av Islands tuaj nrog rake lossis harrow
- Siv noob (0.5 g/m²)
- Ua hauj lwm lub teeb germinators maj mam rau hauv av, yob los yog nias ntawm tes
- Nkauj rattlepot noob nrog lub pas dej los yog cov nyom sprinkler
Cov yub tawm los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub Peb Hlis / pib lub Plaub Hlis thiab Bloom txij Lub Rau Hli.
Saib lub rattlepot - tswv yim
Nrog txoj kev saib xyuas zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua kom lub lauj kaub rattling tsis nres ntawm ib lub xyoo qhua hauv lub vaj. Cov lus qhia hauv qab no piav qhia yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau:
- Txoj kev ywg dej thaum sawv ntxov lossis tom qab hnub poob hauv lub caij ntuj sov qhuav
- Tsis txhob fertilize thaj chaw ntsuab nrog lub lauj kaub rattle
- Txiav lub rattlepot meadow ib zaug lossis ob zaug hauv ib xyoos
Lub leaner meadow nrog rattling pots yog, tsawg zaus nws yog mowed. Thov tos kom txog thaum lub yim hli ntuj ua ntej mowing ib tug pluag meadow thiaj li hais tias winged noob yuav kis tau thoob plaws cheeb tsam ntsuab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, koj mow hauv ob theem. Txiav ib nrab ntawm rattlepot meadow thaum kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli thiab lwm ib nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Yog hais tias lub paj meadow loj hlob nyob rau hauv koj lub taub hau nyob rau hauv ib tug nplua nuj qhov chaw, teem sij hawm ntxiv pruning nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub rau hli ntuj.
Ntau yam
Niam Xwm conjured ntau subspecies thiab hybrids los ntawm haiv neeg rattlesnake hom nyob rau hauv lub rooj saum toj no:
- Little Rattlepot: Rhinanthus minor subsp. monticola, muaj nyob rau hauv Great Britain.
- Yawning shaggy rattlepot: Rhinanthus alectorolophus subsp. facchinii, ntau yam hauv cheeb tsam hauv South Tyrol.
- South Alpine Villi Rattlepot: Rhinanthus alectorolophus subsp. freynii thrives hauv zos hauv Salzburg, Carinthia thiab South Tyrol.
- Great Puszta Rattlepot: Rhinanthus borbasii, nrhiav tau hauv Hungary thiab Burgenland.
- Glandular Rattlepot: Rhinantus rumelicus, pom nyob rau hauv Thuringia ntawm calcareous, pluag av nplaum av.
FAQ
Puas yog lub lauj kaub muaj tshuaj lom rau nees?
Cov kws tshaj lij hauv cov nyom nyom nyom nyom rattlepot hom thaum ntsuab li me ntsis lom rau nees, nyuj thiab lwm yam tsiaj txhu. Cov alkaloid aucubin (rhinanthine) tuaj yeem ua rau mob hauv plab hnyuv thaum noj ntau ntau. Tus nees cuam tshuam los ntawm cov teeb meem digestive, raws plab thiab colic. Qhuav rattlepot nyob rau hauv quav nyab yog harmless.
How to fight rattlepot?
Rattlepot yog ib qho nroj tsuag txhua xyoo uas vam khom rau nws tus kheej. Los ntawm kev txiav, txiav los yog scything cov paj ntoo thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm paj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab noob. Kev ntxuav txiav yog pom zoo thaum cog qhov siab yog 10 centimeters.
Puas sowing rattlepot pab tiv thaiv cov nyom nyom?
Klappertopf muab kev pabcuam tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua cov nyom nyom thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag tsis zoo. Sowing nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg deprives couch nyom ntawm cov as-ham tseem ceeb thiab ho weakens lub hauv paus nroj tsuag. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, koj tuaj yeem siv lub lauj kaub rattle los thawb rov qab invasive weeds hauv lub vaj. Cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj xws li txiv qaub-daj paj nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov thiab zoo siab bumblebees.
