Lub spruce yog tsob ntoo ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nyob ib ncig ntawm 25 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov pej xeem ntoo muaj conifers, uas tuaj yeem muaj txog li 600 xyoo. Tag nrho qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov ntoo loj tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb tau hais tias tau muaj sia nyob yuav luag 10,000 xyoo.
Puas muaj pes tsawg xyoo thiab nyob qhov twg?
Tus hlob tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, Qub Tjikko, yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 9,550 xyoo thiab nyob rau hauv lub roob Fulufjället nyob rau hauv central Sweden. Tsob ntoo tau mus txog nws lub hnub nyoog loj heev los ntawm kev cog qoob loo, uas nws cov hauv paus hniav txuas ntxiv tsim tawm tshiab.
tsob ntoo hlob hlob hlob nyob hauv ntiaj teb no pes tsawg xyoo?
Cov laus tshaj plaws, hu ua Old Tjikko, yog kwv yees li 9,550 xyoo raws li ntau yam xov tooj cua sib tham. Qhov no tsis tuaj yeem hais raws nraim vim txoj kev sib tham siv tsuas yog tso cai kwv yees qhov tseem ceeb.
Tus kws tshawb fawb Leif Kullmann, uas yog tus xibfwb ntawm ecology ntawm Umeå University thaum lub sijhawm tsob ntoo tau tshawb pom xyoo 2008, sim tsis yog tsob ntoo tiag tiag, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov hauv paus hniav. Qhov no muaj ob peb ntu ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv, nrog rau lub cev tiag tiag tsuas yog ob peb centuries qub.
Hnub no nyob qhov twg?
Tus hlob tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog nyob rau hauv central Sweden, nyob ze ciam teb nrog Norway. Cov roob hu ua Fulufjället tam sim no yog qhov chaw cia thiab muaj neeg nyob tsawg heev - zoo li Sweden feem ntau. Lub cheeb tsam muaj kev nyab xeeb tsis zoo, uas tseem piav qhia txog kev loj hlob stunted ntawm spruce: Raws li txoj kev xav, Qub Tjikko tsuas muaj sia nyob vim nws khaws cov noob qoob loo - piv txwv li vim tias nws cov ceg tau kov hauv av thiab coj hauv paus rau ntawd. Qhov no vegetative (piv txwv li asexual) kev yug me nyuam kuj piav qhia txog lub hnub nyoog laus heev, raws li cov khoom siv caj ces yeej ib txwm nyob zoo ib yam li ntau txhiab xyoo.
Puas yog Old Tjikko tseem yog tsob ntoo hlob tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb?
Hais lus nruj me ntsis, Qub Tjikko tsis yog tsob ntoo hlob tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb, tab sis yog tsob ntoo clone uas ua rau sprouting los ntawm cov cag qub. Qhov no yog piv rau ntau tshaj 80,000 xyoo "Pando" cloning colony nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, uas tau tsim ib tug tag nrho hav zoov ntawm cloned aspen trunks. Lub hauv paus system yog nyob ntev, thaum tus neeg lub cev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm quaking aspen tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 200 xyoo thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm spruces siab tshaj plaws ntawm 600 xyoo.
Dab tsi tshwj xeeb txog Qub Tjikko?
Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Qub Tjikko tsis yog nws lub hnub nyoog sheer xwb, tab sis kuj yog qhov tseeb tias nws muaj peev xwm ua tau li qub nyob rau sab qaum teb. Txog 11,000 xyoo dhau los - lub hnub nyoog dej khov kawg - thaj av ntawd tseem npog los ntawm cov dej khov tuab, uas ua rau cov nroj tsuag loj hlob tsis tuaj yeem. Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias qee thaj chaw ntawm Scandinavia - xws li raws ntug dej hiav txwv strips - tseem tsis muaj dej khov.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kom txog rau thaum pom tsob ntoo, cov kws tshawb fawb tau xav tias cov ntoo spruce tsuas yog mus txog Scandinavia ib ncig ntawm 2,000 xyoo dhau los. Qub Tjikko tau lees paub qhov kev xav no.
Puas Laus Tjikko muaj kev puas tsuaj?
Spruce ntoo tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kev pheej hmoo los ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua vim tias lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb rau drought thiab kab tsuag. Cov tsiaj yog qhov tseeb heev undemanding, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nutrient mov, tab sis xav tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov dej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nag lossis daus. Raws li kev hloov pauv huab cua coj los nrog nws kub dua thiab dej nag tsawg, Qub Tjikko kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo tuag.
Tip
Koj puas tuaj yeem cog ntoo spruce hauv lub vaj?
Hauv paus ntsiab lus, koj tuaj yeem cog ntoo spruce hauv koj lub vaj, tab sis nws yuav tsum loj txaus - cov ntoo tuaj yeem siab txog 60 meters siab. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev pom kev hloov pauv huab cua, koj yuav tsum hloov mus rau ntau hom tsiaj xws li hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), gingko (Gingko biloba) lossis gleditschia (tawv pod ntoo, Gleditsia triacanthos).
