Meadow bumblebees tuaj yeem pom nyob rau ntau qhov chaw thiab ntsib cov neeg nyiam ua vaj hauv lawv lub vaj tsev. Lawv ua pov thawj tias muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj zog. Muaj ntau yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau ntau hom tsiaj. Qhov tsis muaj teeb meem thiab tsis muaj teeb meem meadow bumblebee tuaj yeem txhawb nqa los ntawm kev ntsuas tsim nyog.
Npau suav teb yog dab tsi thiab pom qhov twg?
Ntsuab bumblebee (Bombus pratorum) yog ib hom kab me me ntawm bumblebee uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li qhib toj roob hauv pes, meadows thiab sparse forests. Nws zes ze hauv av thiab paub txog nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm pollinator. Lawv yeej tsis txhoj puab heev.
Leej twg yog tom qab lub meadow bumblebee?
Nkauj bumblebee, raws li nws lub npe qhia, nyiam qhib meadows
Ntsuab bumblebee (Bombus pratorum) suav hais tias yog kev coj noj coj ua thiab nthuav dav hauv vaj. Nws nyiam qhib toj roob hauv pes thiab nyiam colonize txhua yam meadows nrog rau qhib hav zoov. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov hom, uas tseem hu ua "me me hav zoov bumblebee", yog ib qho ntawm cov npe hu ua ubiquits. Nrog lub cev ntev ntawm 14 millimeters, nws yog ib qho ntawm cov kab me me.
Meadow bumblebees tshwm sim ntawm no:
- los ntawm cov lowlands mus rau alpine qhov siab ntawm 2,300 meters siab
- hauv thaj teb qhib, hauv tiaj nyom, ntawm embankments thiab nyuj pastures
- zoo dua hauv cov nroj tsuag, bushes thiab hedges
Background
Lub Neej Ntawm Ubiquits
Raws li ib tug ubiquist, cov meadow bumblebee inhabits ntau yam vaj tse xws li qhib cultivated toj roob hauv pes los yog hav zoov. Cov tsiaj zoo li no tau nthuav dav thiab tsis khi rau ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb. Meadow bumblebees tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov sib txawv ib puag ncig thiab tsis tau tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, vim tias cov biotopes barren nrog cov mob qhuav heev xws li cov nyom nyom tsis tshua tau mus xyuas los ntawm cov meadow bumblebee.
Nkauj hmoob toj siab lub neej
Lub neej nyob toj roob hauv pes tsis ntev. Poj huab tais overwinter ib zaug ua ntej teeb tsa lawv tus kheej lub xeev nrog lawv cov ntxhais. Cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov drones ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov cheeb tsam, tab sis tsuas yog nyob ob peb lub lis piam.
Lub neej expectancy ntawm meadow bumblebees:
- Queen: kaum ob rau 13 lub hlis
- Tus neeg ua haujlwm: txog rau lub lis piam
- Txiv neej: mus txog tsib lub lis piam
Tom qab lub caij ntuj no
Txij lub Peb Hlis Ntuj mus, cov poj huab tais hluas tawm hauv lawv lub caij ntuj no mus nrhiav qhov chaw tsim lub zes. Nthuav undergrowth, clumps ntawm nyom los yog hedges muab kev pom zoo. Cov noog uas tau tso tseg los yog squirrel zes tau txais tos zoo li lub ru tsev tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Meadow bumblebees tsim lawv lub zes saum av. Lawv tsis tshua tsim hauv av hauv cov qub nas zes. Bumblebee nesting aids zoo siab txais tos. Nyob ntawm huab cua, kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw zes tuaj yeem ncua mus txog thaum lub Plaub Hlis kawg.
Meadow bumblebees feem ntau zes ntawm lub zes ntawm wrens.
Lub zes ntawm meadow bumblebee:
- me me thiab compact
- muaj ntau lub npuas zoo li yug me nyuam
- yellowish xim, browned dhau sij hawm
Wiesenhummel
Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov
Tom qab ua tiav lub zes, tus poj huab tais hluas nteg qe mus rau hatch. Nws zaum ntawm nws lub clutch thiab ua kom sov los ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Nws yuav siv sijhawm li ntawm xya lub lis piam rau thawj cov neeg ua haujlwm kom tawg. Nws yog tam sim no lawv txoj hauj lwm mus hatch cov qe nteg los ntawm poj huab tais thiab pub cov larvae. Cov neeg ua haujlwm feem ntau ya thaum kawg ntawm lub Peb Hlis thiab Lub Yim Hli. Cov poj huab tais hluas tshiab thiab drones raug tsim thaum kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis thiab pib lub Rau Hli lossis qee zaum txog rau thaum Lub Xya Hli.
Meadow bumblebees yog “pollen storers”:
- sau paj ntoos thiab tso rau hauv cov noob qes tso tseg
- Cov noob qes tshiab tab tom tsim lub qhov rooj uas larvae loj hlob
- cov menyuam menyuam yaus rov qhib dua rau kev pub noj
Traditional Plants
Meadow bumblebees muaj lub cev luv thiab tso siab rau cov nroj tsuag uas muaj cov yas luv luv lossis cov paj ntoo thiab cov khoom siv nectar. Lawv tsis yog cov kws tshaj lij zaub mov thiab ya mus rau cov nroj tsuag los ntawm ntau tsev neeg. Txog niaj hnub no, ntau tshaj 130 hom nroj tsuag tau piav qhia tias yog ib qho khoom noj rau meadow bumblebees. Cov no suav nrog suav suav suav tsis txheeb cov nroj tsuag tab sis kuj muaj qee cov nroj tsuag, ntoo ntoo thiab ntoo xws li currants thiab chestnuts.
| Nectar ntsiab lus | Pollen khoom | Plaub lub sij hawm | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Winterling | mob siab nrog cov ntsiab lus qab zib ntawm 26 feem pua | siab | February txog March |
| Snowdrops | mediocre | mediocre | February txog March |
| Lungwort | zoo heev | zoo heev | March to May |
| Deadnettle | siab heev nrog cov ntsiab lus qab zib ntawm 30 thiab 56 feem pua | zoo heev | March to August |
| Storksbill | siab heev nrog qab zib cov ntsiab lus ntawm 57 thiab 71 feem pua | siab | May to September |
| Mountain Knapweed | siab heev nrog cov suab thaj ntawm 45 feem pua | low | May to October |
tseem ceeb pollinators
Meadow bumblebees yog ib qho tseem ceeb pollinators
Meadow bumblebees noj cov paj pollinator tseem ceeb thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag sawv xws li cherries, txiv apples thiab blackberries. Nectar robbery feem ntau tshwm sim thaum cov zaub mov tau muab zais tob heev hauv lub raj yas. Cov bumblebees noj qhov hauv cov paj ntawm larkspur, toadflax, comfrey lossis ib txwm orchids thiab yog li tsis txhob pollination.
Tip
Yog tias koj xav cog koj lub vaj nyob rau hauv txoj kev bumblebee-phooj ywg, koj yuav tsum tsom mus rau ntau cov paj. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm thaum ntxov, lub caij ntuj sov thiab lig bloomers yog qhov zoo tagnrho.
Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Zeeg
Ib tug meadow bumblebee colony tuaj yeem muaj li ntawm 50 txog 120 tus tsiaj thiab muaj sijhawm luv heev. Nws maj mam tuag thaum Lub Xya Hli thiab Lub Yim Hli. Tom qab cov txiv neej tau sib yuav poj huab tais hluas, lawv kuj tuag. Tsuas yog cov tub ntxhais hluas huab tais tseem ua haujlwm vim lawv mus nrhiav lub caij ntuj no haum rau lub caij ntuj sov lig.
Puas yog meadow bumblebees sting?
Bumblebees tsis tshua sting thaum lawv xav tias raug hem. Tsis zoo li muv, lawv cov stinger tsis muaj barbs. Tom qab stinging, tus bumblebee tuaj yeem rub tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij yam tsis tau daig thiab rhuav tshem. Lawv cov venom tsis txaus ntshai rau cov neeg feem coob. Ib qho tom tuaj yeem ua rau pob liab liab nrog khaus, uas feem ntau ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej. Cov neeg tsis haum tshuaj tuaj yeem raug cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnyav.
Kev ceeb toom tus cwj pwm ntawm tus bumblebee:
- nqa lawv txhais ceg nruab nrab thiab taw tes rau kev nyab xeeb
- tig rov qab thiab taw tes rau tus neeg tawm tsam
- ua suab nrov nrov
- yog tias tsis muaj kev tawm tsam yuav tshwm sim
Nkauj hmoob toj siab
Bumblebees kuj xav tias nyob hauv tsev hauv cov noog uas tau tso tseg
Txhawm rau tsim ib qho kev pabcuam zes, koj xav tau ib lub thawv ntawv uas muab tso rau hauv lub thawv ntoo. Qhov no simulates ib tug noog tso tseg los yog squirrel zes. Txij li thaum meadow bumblebees yog ib hom me me, tag nrho lub tsev bumblebee tsis tas yuav loj dhau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ib centimeter ntawm daim duab los qhia thiab lub thawv ntoo. Txhawm rau ua kom cov rwb thaiv tsev thermal no, hauv qab ntawm lub thawv ntoo yog kab nrog polystyrene phaj uas lub thawv muab tso rau hauv nruab nrab.
Tip
Bumblebees siv lub ces kaum ntawm lub zes ua qhov chaw rau defecate. Txhim kho cov duab los qhia hauv qab nrog daim kab xev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob poob ntawm cov khoom ntub dej.
Prepare the interior
Koj tuaj yeem muaj kev lom zem thaum lub tsho sab hauv thiab muab cov khoom sib txawv. Moss, qhuav lavender paj lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm clematis kuj yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev muab lub zes sov rau cov bumblebees. Cov tswv tsiaj tuaj yeem rov siv cov plaub hau los ntawm dev lossis miv. Lub thawv yuav tsum tsis txhob puv puv nrog cov khoom siv zes. Ib qho xoob xoob yog txaus.
Interior design:
- Khiav lub inlet hose los ntawm lub thawv hauv qab thib peb
- Kev nkag mus yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv lub zes thiab txuas ob mus rau plaub centimeters rau hauv lub thawv
- ua kom zoo ntoo chips, nyom clippings, bark mulch los yog straw nruab nrab ntawm lub thawv ntawv thiab ntoo thawv mus txog rau hose
- Khawb qhov kev nyuaj siab nyob nruab nrab thiab kab hauv lub thawv ntawv nrog cov plaub los yog ntaub plaub
- Kaw lub thawv thiab ua lub qhov cua
Ntuj nug nug tau
Tebchaws Meadow bumblebees ya li cas?
Overwintering hluas huab tais ua active nyob rau lub Peb Hlis. Tom qab lawv tau tsim lawv lub zes, lawv tuaj yeem ya tawm txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias nyob ib puag ncig khov. Txawm tias snowfall tsis txwv cov kab los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav zaub mov. Kev vibrations ntawm tis nqaij ua rau lub cev kub. Cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tshwm sim tom qab tau ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub tsawg kawg ntawm tsib degrees. Lawv ya tawm thaum sawv ntxov, ua ntej lub hnub nce, thiab xaus lawv cov kev ya davhlau thaum tsaus ntuj.
Yuav ua li cas kuv thiaj txhawb tau lub meadow bumblebee?
Qhov phom sij loj tshaj plaws rau meadow bumblebees yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum tsis muaj zaub mov tsim nyog. Cog thaum ntxov-flowering hom uas tsis mloog txawm lub teeb frosts yog li ntawd ib qho kev txhawb nqa zoo tagnrho. Willows, crocuses thiab thaum ntxov rhododendrons ua qhov chaw zoo ntawm nectar. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav lig, Mayberry lossis honeyberry ua pov thawj tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov zaub mov vim nws cov paj muaj cov kua qab zib ntau heev thiab tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob Frosts mus txog rau rho tawm xya degrees.
Puas yog bumblebee nesting thawv haum rau meadow bumblebees?
Txoj kev tsim vaj tsev xaiv tau txais tos. Txawm li cas los xij, cov zes yuav tsum saib zoo li ntuj tsim tau. Muab lub tsev bumblebee tso rau hauv av hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Meadow bumblebees nrhiav chaw nyob hauv cov hedges, nruab nrab ntawm cov nyom nyom lossis hauv cov moss. Kho kom zoo nkauj koj qhov kev pab cuam zes nrog moss, daim tawv ntoo lossis pob zeb.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yuav tsum muaj cov paj ntoo txaus nyob rau hauv thaj chaw tam sim ntawd kom tus huab tais tuaj yeem sau paj paj thiab paj yeeb txaus rau nws thaj chaw tshiab. Raws li lub npe hu ua qhov rooj-rau-qhov rooj foragers los yog luv-deb fliers, meadow bumblebees tsis swarm tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob deb ntawm kev nrhiav zaub mov. Lawv ya mus rau cov nroj tsuag uas loj hlob ntawm qhov deb ntawm 50 mus rau 100 meters ntawm lub zes.
Yuav ua li cas kuv thiaj paub ib tug meadow bumblebee?
Lub thorax tom qab lub taub hau muaj cov kab daj hlaws, uas tej zaum yuav ploj mus hauv qee qhov xim txawv. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias meadow bumblebee tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog av bumblebee, uas yog, txawm li cas los xij, loj dua. Meadow bumblebees yog nruab nrab ntawm 14 thiab 17 millimeters ntev. Sab saum toj ntawm lub posterior ntu yog xim txiv kab ntxwv. Ib yam rau cov txiv neej yog cov plaub hau daj thiab shaggy-saib, uas yuav luag tag nrho cov plaub hau dub
