Npuag kab yog ib tsev neeg kab kab loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Ntau hom sib txawv muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj heev. Raws li herbivorous tsiaj, ntau ntawm lawv kuj muaj kab tsuag rau gardeners thiab ua liaj ua teb. Peb qhia koj txog hom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Kuv paub thiab tswj cov nplooj kab li cas?
Npuag kab yog ib tsev neeg uas muaj kab ntau ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 50.000 hom uas feem ntau pub rau cov nroj tsuag. Cov kab mob uas paub zoo muaj xws li Colorado qos beetle, poplar nplooj kab, liab-breasted grain hen thiab lily hen. Sau, cov tsiaj nyeg los yog, thaum mob hnyav, tshuaj tua kab yog tsim rau kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Zoological txheeb xyuas ntawm nplooj kab
Nrog tag nrho ntawm 50,000 hom tau piav txog tam sim no, nplooj kab, zoologically hu ua Chrysomelidae, yog ib tsev neeg kab loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv raug faib nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov zoolographic cheeb tsam ntawm lub ntiaj teb no nrog rau cov kev zam ntawm lub Arctic cheeb tsam. Ntawm 50,000, nyob ib ncig ntawm 520 hom tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees.
Zoo
Txawm hais tias cov hom sib txawv yuav zoo li muaj ntau haiv neeg thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, lawv muaj qee qhov zoo sib xws ntawm qib meta ntawm lub cev qauv thiab xim.
Cov neeg laus feem ntau, nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog lub ntiaj teb kab beetle feem ntau, ntawm nruab nrab loj thiab muaj lub qe-puab, qee zaum ntau elongated, qee zaum ntau sib npaug, nkhaus duab. Lawv qhov ntev yog nruab nrab ntawm ib thiab 18 millimeters. Lawv lub taub hau yog me me nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau lub cev, sib npaug thiab feem ntau teem tawm dej ntws tawm ntawm lub cev los ntawm ib tug nkhaus pronotum, uas feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug stocky tsos.
Ntau nplooj kab kab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tawm tsam, qee zaum kos duab thiab feem ntau ci xim hlau. Cov nplooj kab zoo nkauj yog ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb hauv qhov no: nrog nws cov xim ntsuab-daj, xiav rau tooj liab-xim xim, xim hlau shimmering, uas npog nws lub cev tag nrho mus rau ob txhais ceg thiab antennae, nws yuav luag zoo li lub pob zeb diamond. Lwm tus, piv txwv li cov kab flea golden, zoo li lub npib muaj txiaj ntsig nrog lawv cov tooj liab-kub, xim ci heev. Colorado qos beetle, ntawm qhov tod tes, impresses nrog nws txawv daj-dub kab txaij.
Lifestyle
Cov neeg laus feem ntau sib yuav ob peb zaug nrog cov neeg sib deev sib txawv thiab tsim ntau tiam neeg ntawm cov larvae hauv ib xyoos. Cov poj niam nteg qe lawv tus kheej los yog hauv pawg lossis kab ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsiaj, feem ntau tiv thaiv hauv ntiav, gnawed hollows los yog npog hauv ib txheej ntawm quav, nyob ntawm seb hom. Qee hom kab kab kab kuj nyiam pub rau cov nroj tsuag dej. Lawv cov brood muaj peev xwm qee zaum pom hauv qab dej hauv cov plhaub gelatinous.
Tus larvae feem ntau tshwm tom qab ob peb hnub thiab loj hlob mus rau hauv cov kab laus hauv ob peb hnub hauv pupation.
Cov nroj tsuag zaub mov - thiab yog li ntawd kuj cov nroj tsuag raug rau kab mob - txawv nyob ntawm seb nplooj kab kab. Qee tus yog oliophagous, txhais tau tias lawv nyiam tsuas yog ib lossis ob peb cov nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov nroj tsuag no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv hom npe. Rau qee hom, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj yog tias nws tshwm sim ntau zaus. Colorado qos beetles noj tau tag nrho cov teb liab qab
Cov kab ntsig kab kab rau cov neeg ua teb thiab ua liaj ua teb
Nrog ntau haiv neeg ntawm nplooj kab nyob hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees ib leeg, peb tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia lawv tag nrho ntawm no. Yog li ntawd, peb xav kom tsom mus rau ob peb hom uas muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxiv rau cov nyiam ua liaj ua teb thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb. Cov kab kab hauv qab no muaj nyob ntawm no thiab ua lub luag haujlwm loj dua li kab tsuag:
- Pobular nplooj kab
- Lily Chicken
- Pab beetle
- Red-caj dab nqaij qaib
- Water Lily nplooj beetle
Ntawm no yog ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm lawv cov tsos kom koj thiaj li paub cov kab tsuag, sib txawv ntawm ib leeg thiab pib ntsuas kev tswj kom haum:
| Pobular nplooj kab | Lily Chicken | Pab beetle | Red-caj dab nqaij qaib | Water Lily nplooj beetle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shape | ovoid to roundish, stocky | elongated, nqaim pronotum, txawm nqaim taub hau | rounded, me ntsis nqaim, downwardly nkhaus pronotum thiab taub hau | Elongated-nqaim, pronotum ntawm vaj huam sib luag, me taub hau | elongated-narrow, pronotum ntawm tib qhov dav, me taub hau |
| Coloring | tis cib liab, taub hau dub mus rau ntsuab, tis thiab ob txhais ceg dub | tis thiab pronotum sealing ciab liab thiab matt ci, plab sab, ob txhais ceg thiab kav hlau txais xov dub | Ntev ntev tis nyob rau hauv lub teeb saffron daj thiab dub, caj dab phaj dotted nyob rau hauv tib xim, ob txhais ceg amber xim av, ko taw dub | tis ci dub nrog dotted embossing, pronotum thiab ob txhais ceg maple syrup liab, taub hau thiab kav hlau txais xov dub | tis dull lub teeb xim av, es wrinkled nto, pronotum thiab ob txhais ceg daj ntseg liab, dub pom, taub hau dub |
| Size | 10-12 mm ntev | 6-8 mm ntev | 7-15 mm ntev | 4-4, 5 mm ntev | 6-7 mm ntev |
| Nyob nroj tsuag | Poplars (aspens), willows | Lilies, checkerboard paj, chives | qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav, eggplant, haus luam yeeb, peppers | Nplej, barley, oats | dej lilies, daj pas dej lilies, knotweed, strawberries |
| Combat | kab ntsig yoov, kab kab mob cab, raking av hauv qab ntoo poplar lub caij ntuj no | Sau, hose off larvae | Toads, av beetles, kab lis kev cai tiv thaiv nets, kab mob npaj, neem roj | Poj niam beetles, av beetles, lacewings, parasitic wasps, predatory kab | Submerge nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv dej rau lub sijhawm ntev |
Blattkäfer im Garten
Nkauj nplooj siab
Txoj kev zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv koj cov nroj tsuag ntawm nplooj kab yog nyob ntawm hom nplooj kab thiab qhov kis ntawm kab mob.
Pobular nplooj kab
Poplar nplooj kab nyiam tua poplars
Poplar nplooj kab tuaj yeem ua teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv monocultures thiab sov, qhuav xyoo. Poplars ntawm txoj kev yog qee zaum cia li noj liab qab thiab cov ntoo loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Aspens tshwj xeeb yog nyiam los ntawm poplar nplooj kab, tab sis willows kuj tuaj yeem tawm tsam los ntawm lawv.
Vim tias cov kab paj ntoo tsis tuaj yeem ya tau zoo, qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv lawv cov kab mob yog los tsim kev sib xyaw es tsis yog monocultures. Cov beetles nyob ntawm ib tsob ntoo ntev li ntev tau muaj nplooj thiab txav me me raws li qhov tsim nyog. Tsuas yog thaum tsob ntoo tau noj liab qab xwb ces lawv nrhiav dua ib tug. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus neeg raug tsim txom tsis tuaj yeem pom sai sai, cov kab tshaib plab thaum tshawb nrhiav.
Yog tias muaj kab mob tshwm sim lawm, txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom muaj nws yog kev cuam tshuam thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, tua cov kab uas hla hauv av hauv qab tsob ntoo los ntawm raking av.
Tsuas yog 6 yam khoom raws li pyrethrins, acetamiprid lossis thiacloprid tam sim no tau pom zoo los tswj cov tshuaj tua kab.
Lily Chicken
Nkauj qaib qus zoo nkauj heev vim nws cov xim muaj zog
Qhov tiag tiag zoo nkauj heev, sealing wax liab beetles nrog lub npe zoo nkauj sib npaug yog cov kab kab ntau tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe thiab Eurasia. Lawv nyiam tua zoo nkauj thiab loj heev lilies, tab sis kuj checkerboard paj thiab chives. Raws li nrog cov kab tsuag feem ntau, cov larvae ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau tshaj plaws vim lawv txoj kev noj zaub mov loj.
Cov poj niam nteg lawv cov qe txiv kab ntxwv-liab nyob rau hauv pawg nyob rau hauv qab ntawm nplooj, qhov twg larvae pib noj tom qab hatching. Cov kab mob tuaj yeem raug lees paub los ntawm kev pub mis, tab sis kuj los ntawm cov neeg laus liab liab thiab cov larvae npog hauv cov quav dub. Lawv npog lawv tus kheej nrog lawv cov te los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg.
Txoj kev ncaj tshaj plaws rau kev sib ntaus sib tua lily qaib yog khaws cov neeg laus, nyiam thaum sawv ntxov thaum lawv tseem tawv thiab qaug zog. Vim tias lawv poob thaum muaj kev phom sij thiab tsaws nrog rau sab tsaus nti ntawm lawv lub plab mus rau sab saud, uas yog qhov nyuaj rau pom, nws tseem pom zoo kom nthuav tawm lub vas hauv qab lily thiab co cov kab tawm. Cov larvae tuaj yeem txau tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog lub dav hlau ntse dej.
Yog tias kab mob hnyav heev, cov tshuaj tua kab kuj tseem pab tiv thaiv kab thiab nqus cov kab tsuag.
Pab beetle
Cov kab mob Colorado qos beetle yog qhov txaus ntshai heev
Colorado qos beetle Ameslikas los ntawm Central Mexico thiab tom qab ntawd kis mus rau Tebchaws Meskas los ntawm kev cog qoob loo loj los ntawm cov neeg dawb. Cov kab tsuag tau qhia rau Tebchaws Europe los ntawm cov noob qos yaj ywm hauv nruab nrab xyoo pua 19th, pib rau Askiv thiab Netherlands. Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1877, thawj cov qauv tau pom hauv Tebchaws Yelemees.
Excursus
Nkauj tawm tshiab Colorado Beetle
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, Colorado qos beetles sai sai dhau los ua kab tsuag tiag tiag. Xyoo 1935, lub npe hu ua KAD, Colorado qos beetle tiv thaiv kev pabcuam, tau tsim nyob rau hauv German Reich vim tias nws muaj kev sib kis. Nws xav tau Colorado qos beetle primer thiab txhawb cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab cov neeg poob haujlwm los tawm tsam nws nrog kev hu:
Ua neeg sib ntaus, tsis txhob tsaug zog, saib xyuas Colorado qos beetle!
Hnub no cov qos yaj ywm Colorado tau nthuav dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb thiab qee zaum tuaj yeem noj tag nrho cov teb hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Nws cov zaub mov nyiam tshaj plaws yog cov qos yaj ywm, uas nws tawm tsam ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tab sis lwm yam zaub thiab qoob loo uas yog tsev neeg hmo ntuj, xws li eggplants, txiv lws suav, kua txob thiab haus luam yeeb, kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam.
Ntau txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem siv los tawm tsam Colorado qos beetle. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob hnyav yog qhov pab tau tshwj xeeb.
Kev tiv thaiv
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum txhawb cov tsiaj nyeg ntawm Colorado qos beetle, uas tam sim no muaj nyob hauv lub tebchaws no: cov no feem ntau suav nrog toads thiab av kab. Thaum cog thiab tom qab germination, koj yuav tsum npog koj cov qoob loo nrog kev tiv thaiv kab lis kev cai nets. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, nws kuj ua rau kev nkag siab zoo rau cov nroj tsuag nrog kev kho mob nettle.
Tom qab ib xyoos ntawm kev kis kab mob, koj yuav tsum khawb av kom zoo rau xyoo tom ntej raws li kev tiv thaiv, raws li cov kab hla dhau lub caij ntuj no. Hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, nws kuj tseem pab tau cog qos yaj ywm hauv kev cog qoob loo txhua xyoo. Qhov no kuj pom zoo rau kev siv av sib npaug.
Kev ntsuas hnyav
Yog hais tias twb muaj ntau cov kab loj loj khiav ncig ntawm cov qos yaj ywm lossis kua txob, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los sau lawv ua ntej. Rau thaj chaw cog qoob loo loj dua, koj tuaj yeem taug kev los ntawm kab nrog ib tus pas thiab tsoo cov kab tsuag. Zoo li ntau hom kab kab, lawv nyiam poob thaum raug hem thiab tuaj yeem muab khaws cia rau hauv ib lub vas nthuav tawm hauv av. Mint broth los yog kas fes hauv av yuav tsum tshem tawm cov kab.
Kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob Bacilllus thuringiensis, uas yog tshuaj lom rau cov kab tab sis tsis rau tib neeg thiab nroj tsuag, tuaj yeem ua tau zoo heev. Neem roj, uas feem ntau siv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb organic, kuj ua haujlwm tiv thaiv Colorado qos beetles.
Red-caj dab nqaij qaib
Cov qaib liab-caj dab nyiam cov nplej, barley thiab co.
Vim hais tias, raws li nws lub npe, nws nyiam noj nplej xws li nplej, barley lossis oats, cov nqaij qaib liab-caj dab yog qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb. Lawv kuj tua cov nyom nyom, thiab qee zaus kuj pob kws. Cov larvae noj elongated qhov nyob rau hauv nplooj ntawm cov nyom thiab yuav ua rau poob loj qoob loo.
Nrog cov tsiaj txhu ntuj, cov qaib liab-caj dab tuaj yeem ntim tau zoo. Ladybugs, av beetles, lacewing larvae, predatory kab thiab parasitic wasps tshwj xeeb yog tshaib plab rau lawv. Rau qee yam tshuaj tua kab tua kab, ib qho kev puas tsuaj yuav tsum tau mus txog, uas tau txhais rau txhua lub tebchaws.
Water Lily nplooj beetle
Nkauj tawm tshiab hlub cov nroj tsuag dej
Dej Lily nplooj kab yog cov kab kab kab uas muaj kev sib raug zoo rau cov nroj tsuag dej. Lawv yog li ntawd tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj teeb meem rau ornamental gardeners uas tuav lub pas dej nrog dej nroj tsuag. Dej Lily nplooj kab beetles tsis tsuas yog tua cov dej dawb lily xwb, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam dej nroj tsuag xws li lub pas dej daj lily, dej knotweed, marsh bloodeye los yog cov xub xub xub. Tab sis strawberries kuj yog ib qho ntawm lawv cov zaub mov, uas yog vim li cas lawv tseem hu ua strawberry beetles.
Cov neeg laus thiab cov larvae ntawm cov dej lily beetles nyob saum nplooj ntawm lawv cov nroj tsuag hosts thiab nyob qhov ntawd txaus ntshai heev. Vim lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua luam dej lossis ua pa hauv qab dej. Yog tias koj pom tias muaj kab mob, txoj kev tswj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws yog muab cov nplooj. Cov larvae thiab tej zaum kuj cov neeg laus poob dej.
Tip
Lub sijhawm dhia dej ntev dua yog qhov nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas cov nplooj nrog cov qauv steel lev.
Ntuj nug nug tau
kab kab kab dab tsi muaj?
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov nplooj kab tsev neeg muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 50,000 hom. Hauv tebchaws Yelemes, txawm li cas los xij, tsuas muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 520 hom. Feem ntau ntawm cov no yog cov nplooj kab zoo nkauj, Colorado qos beetle, plantain nplooj kab, paj ntoos nplooj kab, nplooj lily nplooj kab, cov kab asparagus nplooj kab, daim ntaub thaiv thiab nplooj nplooj beetles los yog hawthorn nplooj kab.
Kuv yuav txheeb xyuas cov kab kab kab li cas?
Ib txhia ntawm cov kab kab kab uas nyob ib puag ncig yooj yim txheeb xyuas, qee qhov nyuaj dua. Colorado qos beetle los yog nplooj kab zoo nkauj yog yooj yim heev rau kev paub nrog lawv cov daj daj-dub kab txaij los yog xiav-ntsuab rau coppery thiab liab doog xim. Lub lily qaib kuj zoo nkauj heev nrog nws sealing ciab liab rov qab, tab sis muaj peev xwm txawv los ntawm qhov zoo sib xws lily ntsia ntawm lub hav qaib, nws underside tsis dub, tab sis kuj liab. Lub tiaj, puag ncig, lub teeb ntsuab daim thaiv kab kab variants, uas zoo sib xws rau ib leeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyuaj rau txheeb xyuas.
Puas yog nplooj kab kab kab?
Cov kab tsuag uas cuam tshuam tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws no yog Colorado qos beetle, poplar nplooj kab, kab liab-caj dab nplej, nqaij qaib asparagus thiab lily qaib. Qee zaum lawv ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov zaub thiab paj ntoo.
Qhov kev ntsuas twg tsim nyog rau kev tswj cov kab kab?
Txoj kev sib txawv ntawm nplooj kab yog sib xyaw ua ke sib txawv. Rau cov hom kab ntau tshaj plaws, xws li Colorado qos beetle lossis lily beetle, sau los yog co tawm cov neeg laus thiab sau lawv hauv nets yog ib txoj hauv kev. Larvae tuaj yeem txau tau zoo los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog lub dav hlau ntse dej. Cov kab mob kis tau tuaj yeem yooj yim los ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg xws li kab mob cab, kab kab hauv av, lacewings lossis ladybirds. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, qee yam kev npaj kab mob, cov roj neem lossis tshuaj tua kab tuaj yeem siv los ua tshuaj lom lossis tshuaj tua kab.
Yuav ua li cas kuv thiaj paub cov nplooj kab qe thiab larvae?
Lub qe ntawm nplooj kab kab ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws feem ntau zaum nyob rau hauv pab pawg nyob rau hauv undersides ntawm nplooj ntawm lawv hosting nroj tsuag. Nyob ntawm hom kab, lawv muaj xim sib txawv. Cov larvae kuj muaj lawv tus kheej tsos nyob ntawm seb hom. Cov neeg ntawm Colorado qos beetle, piv txwv li, muaj squat, isopod-zoo li ribbed lub cev thiab lub teeb liab xim nrog dots ntawm ob sab. Cov larvae ntawm Lily qaib yog qhov pom tau vim tias lawv tau npog hauv lawv cov quav tsaus, uas lawv siv los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej tawm tsam cov tsiaj txhu. Ntawm nplooj lawv zoo li me me pawg ntawm tar. Cov larvae ntawm dej lily nplooj kab sawv tawm conspicuously los ntawm ntsuab saum ntawm nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag kab mob vim lawv cov xim dub.
